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國家環境監管能力建設“十二(er)五”規(gui)劃(hua)發布

投資四百億提(ti)升環境監管能(neng)力

　　中國環境(jing)報訊環境(jing)保(bao)護部、國家發(fa)展(zhan)改革委、財政部近日聯合印(yin)發(fa)《國家環境(jing)監(jian)管(guan)能力(li)建(jian)(jian)設(she)“十(shi)二五”規(gui)劃》（以下簡稱(cheng)《規(gui)劃》），以總量減排、質量改善、風險(xian)防范、基礎完善為著力(li)點，在環境(jing)監(jian)測、監(jian)察、預警、應(ying)急、信息、評(ping)估(gu)、統計、科技、宣(xuan)教(jiao)等領域開展(zhan)能力(li)建(jian)(jian)設(she)，切(qie)實加強環境(jing)監(jian)管(guan)能力(li)。

　　《規劃(hua)》提出(chu)，環境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)是(shi)環境(jing)(jing)(jing)管(guan)理的(de)重要組成部分(fen)，是(shi)實現環境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護目標(biao)(biao)的(de)重要保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)，是(shi)推(tui)進環境(jing)(jing)(jing)基本公共服務(wu)均(jun)等(deng)化(hua)的(de)重要內容。圍繞環境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護“總量減排(pai)、質量改(gai)善、風(feng)險防范、均(jun)衡發展”目標(biao)(biao)要求，在污染源(yuan)與總量減排(pai)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)(neng)力全(quan)面提高、環境(jing)(jing)(jing)質量監(jian)(jian)測(ce)與評估(gu)考(kao)核能(neng)(neng)力顯(xian)著提升、環境(jing)(jing)(jing)預(yu)警與應(ying)急(ji)能(neng)(neng)力系統加強、環境(jing)(jing)(jing)綜合監(jian)(jian)督管(guan)理基礎設施(shi)基本完善等(deng)4個方面提出(chu)環境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)(neng)力建設的(de)目標(biao)(biao)。

　　《規劃》明(ming)確，到2015年，全(quan)國縣(xian)級(ji)(ji)(ji)環境監(jian)(jian)(jian)察機構(gou)裝備(bei)(bei)(bei)達(da)標(biao)率達(da)到85%，地(di)市(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)到90%，省(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)到95%。機動(dong)車、污(wu)染源(yuan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)、科技(ji)支(zhi)撐和統計能(neng)(neng)力(li)顯(xian)著增強。全(quan)國縣(xian)級(ji)(ji)(ji)環境監(jian)(jian)(jian)測站(zhan)(zhan)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)設(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)配(pei)置達(da)標(biao)率達(da)到90%，地(di)市(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)實現標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)，省(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)部達(da)標(biao)。中央本(ben)級(ji)(ji)(ji)環境監(jian)(jian)(jian)測能(neng)(neng)力(li)顯(xian)著加強。重金屬、危(wei)險廢物、危(wei)險化(hua)(hua)學品(pin)、放射(she)性物質(zhi)等污(wu)染事件防范水平顯(xian)著提高。地(di)市(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)環境監(jian)(jian)(jian)測站(zhan)(zhan)具(ju)備(bei)(bei)(bei)較(jiao)強的應急監(jian)(jian)(jian)測能(neng)(neng)力(li)，省(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)具(ju)備(bei)(bei)(bei)預警監(jian)(jian)(jian)測能(neng)(neng)力(li)。地(di)市(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)環境應急管(guan)理(li)機構(gou)二(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)標(biao)率達(da)70%以(yi)上(shang)，省(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)機構(gou)二(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)標(biao)率達(da)到100%。國家(jia)、省(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)輻(fu)射(she)環境監(jian)(jian)(jian)測能(neng)(neng)力(li)達(da)到標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)要求(qiu)(qiu)，初步具(ju)備(bei)(bei)(bei)相(xiang)對(dui)獨立、較(jiao)為完整(zheng)的安(an)全(quan)分析評價、校核(he)計算和實驗(yan)驗(yan)證能(neng)(neng)力(li)，核(he)與(yu)輻(fu)射(she)安(an)全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)(neng)力(li)與(yu)核(he)事業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)同步提高。建(jian)成一批市(shi)、縣(xian)環保監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)用(yong)(yong)房(fang)。建(jian)設(she)國家(jia)環境規劃與(yu)工程評估(gu)、華北環保督查中心綜合業(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)用(yong)(yong)房(fang)與(yu)國家(jia)核(he)與(yu)輻(fu)射(she)安(an)全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)技(ji)術研發(fa)基(ji)(ji)地(di)，基(ji)(ji)本(ben)建(jian)成6個(ge)區域性核(he)與(yu)輻(fu)射(she)安(an)全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督站(zhan)(zhan)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)用(yong)(yong)房(fang)。地(di)市(shi)以(yi)上(shang)環境信息與(yu)宣教機構(gou)設(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)配(pei)置達(da)到標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)要求(qiu)(qiu)。

　　《規劃》要(yao)求，一是提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)源與(yu)(yu)總量(liang)減(jian)排(pai)(pai)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)水(shui)平。加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)現場執法裝備配置，落實(shi)(shi)(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察執法能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)與(yu)(yu)驗(yan)收工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)；完(wan)善污(wu)染(ran)(ran)源自動(dong)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)網絡(luo)，落實(shi)(shi)(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)中(zhong)心與(yu)(yu)重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)行業監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)；強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)源監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督性(xing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)與(yu)(yu)數據(ju)質量(liang)控(kong)制，促進(jin)(jin)自動(dong)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)數據(ju)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用；啟動(dong)機(ji)動(dong)車與(yu)(yu)農業面(mian)源環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)，拓展(zhan)(zhan)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)源監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)領域(yu)；加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)統(tong)(tong)計(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)，提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)統(tong)(tong)計(ji)(ji)對(dui)(dui)(dui)總量(liang)減(jian)排(pai)(pai)等(deng)重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)支(zhi)撐能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)；夯實(shi)(shi)(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)信息能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)基礎(chu)，推進(jin)(jin)物聯網在污(wu)染(ran)(ran)減(jian)排(pai)(pai)中(zhong)的(de)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用。二是提(ti)(ti)高(gao)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質量(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)與(yu)(yu)評估考(kao)核(he)(he)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)。填平補齊(qi)，繼(ji)續推進(jin)(jin)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)標(biao)準化(hua)(hua)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)；提(ti)(ti)高(gao)空氣、揮發性(xing)有機(ji)物、重(zhong)金屬(shu)等(deng)新增指標(biao)的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)；優化(hua)(hua)完(wan)善國家環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)網；利用衛(wei)星遙感和地面(mian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)手段，開展(zhan)(zhan)生態環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質量(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)評價(jia)；完(wan)善環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質量(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督考(kao)核(he)(he)體系(xi)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)施環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質量(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督考(kao)核(he)(he)。三是加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)預警(jing)與(yu)(yu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)。提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)風(feng)險(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)；加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)核(he)(he)與(yu)(yu)輻射(she)安全監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)，形(xing)成相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)獨(du)立、較為完(wan)整的(de)核(he)(he)與(yu)(yu)輻射(she)安全分析評價(jia)、校核(he)(he)計(ji)(ji)算和實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)驗(yan)證能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)；提(ti)(ti)高(gao)重(zhong)金屬(shu)、危(wei)險(xian)廢物及危(wei)險(xian)化(hua)(hua)學品風(feng)險(xian)防(fang)范能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)現對(dui)(dui)(dui)危(wei)險(xian)廢物和危(wei)險(xian)化(hua)(hua)學品等(deng)處置、運輸和轉移(yi)的(de)全面(mian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)；建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)預警(jing)網絡(luo)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)立環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急指揮系(xi)統(tong)(tong)和平臺網絡(luo)，加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急響應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)和應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急技術支(zhi)撐能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)。四是夯實(shi)(shi)(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)綜(zong)合(he)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督管(guan)(guan)(guan)理基礎(chu)，推進(jin)(jin)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)綜(zong)合(he)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督管(guan)(guan)(guan)理基礎(chu)體系(xi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)。

　　《規劃》指出(chu)，結合(he)四大領域任(ren)務(wu)，實(shi)施基(ji)礎、保障、人(ren)才等三大工程，規劃總投資400億元。基(ji)礎工程包括(kuo)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監測(ce)、監察(cha)、應(ying)急(ji)(ji)、信(xin)息、評估、宣(xuan)教等能力(li)建(jian)設和標(biao)準化建(jian)設、新增主要污(wu)染(ran)物監管(guan)能力(li)建(jian)設等10項(xiang)。保障工程包括(kuo)污(wu)染(ran)源與總量(liang)減排監管(guan)運行(xing)保障、環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監測(ce)與評估運行(xing)保障等4項(xiang)。人(ren)才工程包括(kuo)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監測(ce)、監察(cha)、應(ying)急(ji)(ji)、信(xin)息、評估、宣(xuan)教等8項(xiang)。全面提升環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監管(guan)能力(li)，為(wei)實(shi)現“十二五(wu)”環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)保護目標(biao)、建(jian)設生態文明提供有力(li)保障。

　　為確(que)保(bao)順(shun)利實(shi)施(shi)(shi)，《規劃(hua)(hua)(hua)》要(yao)求(qiu)，切實(shi)加強(qiang)組織領導，全面推(tui)進規劃(hua)(hua)(hua)實(shi)施(shi)(shi)。統籌國家與地(di)方環境保(bao)護規劃(hua)(hua)(hua)、各(ge)(ge)專項規劃(hua)(hua)(hua)與《規劃(hua)(hua)(hua)》的(de)銜接、配套，建(jian)立并完善項目(mu)庫(ku)，提(ti)高項目(mu)儲備(bei)能(neng)力(li)。明確(que)中央與地(di)方事權(quan)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)分，將環境監管能(neng)力(li)建(jian)設和(he)運行(xing)(xing)費用(yong)(yong)納(na)入各(ge)(ge)級財政預算(suan)予以重點(dian)保(bao)障，確(que)保(bao)資(zi)金到位(wei)。加強(qiang)項目(mu)資(zi)金監管，實(shi)施(shi)(shi)項目(mu)績效評估，提(ti)高資(zi)金使用(yong)(yong)效益。加強(qiang)環境監管人才隊伍建(jian)設，實(shi)施(shi)(shi)人才體制(zhi)(zhi)機制(zhi)(zhi)創新(xin)，提(ti)升人才發(fa)展的(de)基礎保(bao)障能(neng)力(li)。建(jian)立健全規劃(hua)(hua)(hua)實(shi)施(shi)(shi)定期(qi)通報和(he)評估制(zhi)(zhi)度，適時對規劃(hua)(hua)(hua)執行(xing)(xing)情況進行(xing)(xing)期(qi)末評估。

 來源（中國環境報）