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國家環(huan)境監管能力(li)建設“十二五(wu)”規劃發布(bu)

投資四百億提升環境監管能力

　　中國環(huan)(huan)境(jing)報訊環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保護(hu)部、國家(jia)(jia)發(fa)展改革委、財(cai)政部近日(ri)聯合(he)印發(fa)《國家(jia)(jia)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)監管能(neng)力(li)(li)建(jian)設(she)(she)“十(shi)二五(wu)”規(gui)劃》（以(yi)下簡稱《規(gui)劃》），以(yi)總量(liang)減排、質量(liang)改善、風險(xian)防范、基礎完善為著力(li)(li)點，在環(huan)(huan)境(jing)監測(ce)、監察、預警、應急、信息、評估、統計、科(ke)技、宣(xuan)教等(deng)領域(yu)開展能(neng)力(li)(li)建(jian)設(she)(she)，切(qie)實(shi)加強環(huan)(huan)境(jing)監管能(neng)力(li)(li)。

　　《規劃》提(ti)出，環境(jing)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)是(shi)環境(jing)管(guan)(guan)理(li)的(de)重要(yao)組成部分，是(shi)實現(xian)環境(jing)保護(hu)目標的(de)重要(yao)保障，是(shi)推進環境(jing)基本公共服務均(jun)等化的(de)重要(yao)內容。圍繞(rao)環境(jing)保護(hu)“總(zong)量(liang)減(jian)排、質(zhi)量(liang)改善(shan)、風險防范、均(jun)衡發展(zhan)”目標要(yao)求，在污染源與總(zong)量(liang)減(jian)排監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)能(neng)(neng)力全面提(ti)高、環境(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)監(jian)(jian)測與評估(gu)考核能(neng)(neng)力顯著提(ti)升、環境(jing)預警(jing)與應急能(neng)(neng)力系(xi)統加強、環境(jing)綜(zong)合監(jian)(jian)督管(guan)(guan)理(li)基礎設施基本完善(shan)等4個方面提(ti)出環境(jing)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)能(neng)(neng)力建設的(de)目標。

　　《規劃(hua)》明確，到(dao)(dao)(dao)2015年，全國(guo)縣級(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)構裝備(bei)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)標(biao)率(lv)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)85%，地市(shi)級(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)90%，省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)95%。機(ji)動車、污染源監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)、科(ke)技支撐和(he)統計能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)顯著(zhu)(zhu)增強(qiang)。全國(guo)縣級(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)站基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)本設備(bei)配(pei)置達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)標(biao)率(lv)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)90%，地市(shi)級(ji)(ji)站基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)本實(shi)現標(biao)準化(hua)，省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)站全部達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)標(biao)。中央本級(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)顯著(zhu)(zhu)加強(qiang)。重(zhong)金屬、危(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)(wu)、危(wei)險(xian)化(hua)學品、放射性物(wu)(wu)質等污染事件防范水(shui)平顯著(zhu)(zhu)提高(gao)。地市(shi)級(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)站具(ju)備(bei)較(jiao)強(qiang)的應(ying)(ying)急監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)，省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)站基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)本具(ju)備(bei)預警監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)。地市(shi)級(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)應(ying)(ying)急管(guan)理機(ji)構二級(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)標(biao)率(lv)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)70%以上(shang)，省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)機(ji)構二級(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)標(biao)率(lv)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)100%。國(guo)家(jia)、省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)輻射環(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)標(biao)準化(hua)要(yao)求，初步(bu)具(ju)備(bei)相對獨立、較(jiao)為完(wan)整的安全分析評價、校核(he)計算和(he)實(shi)驗驗證能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)，核(he)與(yu)(yu)輻射安全監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)與(yu)(yu)核(he)事業(ye)發(fa)展同步(bu)提高(gao)。建(jian)成一(yi)批市(shi)、縣環(huan)(huan)保監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)業(ye)務用(yong)(yong)房。建(jian)設國(guo)家(jia)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)規劃(hua)與(yu)(yu)工(gong)程評估、華北環(huan)(huan)保督(du)查(cha)中心綜合業(ye)務用(yong)(yong)房與(yu)(yu)國(guo)家(jia)核(he)與(yu)(yu)輻射安全監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)技術(shu)研發(fa)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地，基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)本建(jian)成6個區域性核(he)與(yu)(yu)輻射安全監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)站業(ye)務用(yong)(yong)房。地市(shi)以上(shang)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)信息與(yu)(yu)宣教機(ji)構設備(bei)配(pei)置達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)標(biao)準化(hua)要(yao)求。

　　《規劃》要求，一是提(ti)升污(wu)染(ran)(ran)源(yuan)與總(zong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)減(jian)排(pai)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管水平。加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)現(xian)場(chang)執法裝備配置，落(luo)實(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察執法能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)建(jian)設與驗(yan)收(shou)工(gong)作；完善污(wu)染(ran)(ran)源(yuan)自動監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控網絡(luo)，落(luo)實(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控中心與重(zhong)點行業監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控；強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)源(yuan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督性(xing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測與數據質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)控制，促進(jin)(jin)自動監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控數據應用；啟動機動車與農業面(mian)源(yuan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)建(jian)設，拓(tuo)展(zhan)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)源(yuan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管領域；加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)統計能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)建(jian)設，提(ti)升環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)統計對(dui)(dui)總(zong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)減(jian)排(pai)等(deng)(deng)重(zhong)點工(gong)作支(zhi)撐能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)；夯實(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)信(xin)息能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)基礎(chu)，推進(jin)(jin)物(wu)聯網在污(wu)染(ran)(ran)減(jian)排(pai)中的(de)(de)應用。二是提(ti)高環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測與評(ping)(ping)估考(kao)核能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)。填(tian)平補齊，繼(ji)續推進(jin)(jin)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測標準化(hua)(hua)建(jian)設；提(ti)高空氣(qi)、揮發性(xing)有機物(wu)、重(zhong)金屬等(deng)(deng)新(xin)增指標的(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)；優化(hua)(hua)完善國家環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測網；利用衛(wei)星遙感和地面(mian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測手段，開展(zhan)生態環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測評(ping)(ping)價(jia)；完善環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督考(kao)核體系(xi)，實(shi)施環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督考(kao)核。三(san)是加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)預警與應急(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)建(jian)設。提(ti)升環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)風險(xian)管理能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)；加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)核與輻射安全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)建(jian)設，形成相對(dui)(dui)獨立(li)、較為完整的(de)(de)核與輻射安全(quan)分析評(ping)(ping)價(jia)、校核計算(suan)和實(shi)驗(yan)驗(yan)證能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)；提(ti)高重(zhong)金屬、危險(xian)廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)及危險(xian)化(hua)(hua)學(xue)品(pin)風險(xian)防范能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)，實(shi)現(xian)對(dui)(dui)危險(xian)廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)和危險(xian)化(hua)(hua)學(xue)品(pin)等(deng)(deng)處(chu)置、運輸和轉移的(de)(de)全(quan)面(mian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管；建(jian)設環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)預警網絡(luo)，建(jian)立(li)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應急(ji)指揮系(xi)統和平臺網絡(luo)，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應急(ji)響應能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)和應急(ji)技術支(zhi)撐能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)。四是夯實(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)綜(zong)合監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督管理基礎(chu)，推進(jin)(jin)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)綜(zong)合監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督管理基礎(chu)體系(xi)建(jian)設。

　　《規劃》指出，結合四(si)大(da)(da)領(ling)域任務，實施基(ji)礎(chu)、保障、人才等三(san)大(da)(da)工(gong)(gong)程，規劃總投資(zi)400億(yi)元(yuan)。基(ji)礎(chu)工(gong)(gong)程包括(kuo)環境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)、監(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)、應(ying)急、信息、評估(gu)、宣(xuan)教(jiao)等能(neng)力建設和標準化建設、新增主要污染(ran)物監(jian)(jian)(jian)管能(neng)力建設等10項(xiang)。保障工(gong)(gong)程包括(kuo)污染(ran)源與總量減(jian)排監(jian)(jian)(jian)管運行保障、環境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)與評估(gu)運行保障等4項(xiang)。人才工(gong)(gong)程包括(kuo)環境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)、監(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)、應(ying)急、信息、評估(gu)、宣(xuan)教(jiao)等8項(xiang)。全面提(ti)升(sheng)環境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管能(neng)力，為實現“十(shi)二五”環境(jing)(jing)保護目標、建設生(sheng)態文(wen)明提(ti)供有力保障。

　　為(wei)確保順利實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)，《規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)》要求，切實(shi)(shi)加(jia)強組(zu)織領(ling)導，全面(mian)推進(jin)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)。統(tong)籌國家與(yu)地(di)方(fang)環境(jing)保護規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)、各(ge)專項(xiang)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)與(yu)《規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)》的銜(xian)接、配套，建立并完善(shan)項(xiang)目(mu)庫(ku)，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)項(xiang)目(mu)儲備能力(li)。明確中央與(yu)地(di)方(fang)事權劃(hua)(hua)(hua)分(fen)，將(jiang)環境(jing)監管(guan)能力(li)建設和(he)(he)運行費(fei)用納入各(ge)級財政預(yu)算予以重點保障，確保資(zi)金到位。加(jia)強項(xiang)目(mu)資(zi)金監管(guan)，實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)項(xiang)目(mu)績效評估，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)資(zi)金使(shi)用效益。加(jia)強環境(jing)監管(guan)人才隊伍建設，實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)人才體制(zhi)機制(zhi)創新，提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)人才發(fa)展(zhan)的基礎(chu)保障能力(li)。建立健全規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)定期(qi)通(tong)報和(he)(he)評估制(zhi)度(du)，適時(shi)對規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)執行情況進(jin)行期(qi)末評估。

 來源（中國環境報）