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國家環境監管能力建設“十二五”規劃發布

投資(zi)四百億提升環(huan)境監管(guan)能(neng)力

　　中國環(huan)(huan)(huan)境報(bao)訊環(huan)(huan)(huan)境保護部、國家發展改(gai)革委(wei)、財政部近(jin)日聯合(he)印發《國家環(huan)(huan)(huan)境監管能(neng)(neng)力建設(she)“十二五”規劃》（以下簡稱《規劃》），以總(zong)量(liang)減排、質量(liang)改(gai)善、風險防范、基礎完(wan)善為(wei)著力點，在環(huan)(huan)(huan)境監測、監察、預警(jing)、應(ying)急、信息、評估、統計、科技、宣(xuan)教等領域開展能(neng)(neng)力建設(she)，切實加(jia)強環(huan)(huan)(huan)境監管能(neng)(neng)力。

　　《規劃》提出，環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)管(guan)是(shi)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)管(guan)理的(de)(de)重(zhong)要組成部分(fen)，是(shi)實現環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護目(mu)標(biao)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要保(bao)障，是(shi)推進環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)基本公共服務均等化的(de)(de)重(zhong)要內容。圍(wei)繞(rao)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護“總(zong)量(liang)減排、質量(liang)改善、風險防范、均衡發(fa)展”目(mu)標(biao)要求，在污染源與總(zong)量(liang)減排監(jian)管(guan)能力(li)全面(mian)提高、環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質量(liang)監(jian)測(ce)與評(ping)估考核能力(li)顯(xian)著提升(sheng)、環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)預警與應急(ji)能力(li)系統(tong)加強(qiang)、環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)綜合(he)監(jian)督管(guan)理基礎設施基本完善等4個方面(mian)提出環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)管(guan)能力(li)建設的(de)(de)目(mu)標(biao)。

　　《規劃》明(ming)確，到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)2015年，全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)縣級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)察機構(gou)裝備達(da)標(biao)(biao)率(lv)達(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)85%，地市級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)90%，省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)95%。機動車、污染源(yuan)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)、科技(ji)支撐和(he)統計(ji)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)顯著(zhu)增強。全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)縣級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)站基(ji)本(ben)設(she)(she)備配置達(da)標(biao)(biao)率(lv)達(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)90%，地市級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)站基(ji)本(ben)實現標(biao)(biao)準化，省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)站全(quan)(quan)(quan)部達(da)標(biao)(biao)。中(zhong)央本(ben)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)顯著(zhu)加強。重金屬、危(wei)險廢物、危(wei)險化學品(pin)、放(fang)射性物質等污染事(shi)件(jian)防范水平顯著(zhu)提高。地市級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)站具備較強的應(ying)急(ji)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)，省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)站基(ji)本(ben)具備預警監(jian)(jian)測(ce)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)。地市級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)急(ji)管(guan)理(li)機構(gou)二(er)(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)標(biao)(biao)率(lv)達(da)70%以上(shang)，省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)機構(gou)二(er)(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)標(biao)(biao)率(lv)達(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)100%。國(guo)家(jia)、省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)輻射環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)達(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)標(biao)(biao)準化要(yao)求，初步(bu)具備相對獨立(li)、較為完整的安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)分(fen)析評價(jia)、校核(he)計(ji)算和(he)實驗(yan)驗(yan)證能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)，核(he)與(yu)(yu)輻射安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)與(yu)(yu)核(he)事(shi)業(ye)發(fa)展同步(bu)提高。建成一批(pi)市、縣環(huan)(huan)保監(jian)(jian)管(guan)業(ye)務用房(fang)。建設(she)(she)國(guo)家(jia)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)規劃與(yu)(yu)工(gong)程評估、華(hua)北環(huan)(huan)保督查(cha)中(zhong)心綜合業(ye)務用房(fang)與(yu)(yu)國(guo)家(jia)核(he)與(yu)(yu)輻射安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)技(ji)術研發(fa)基(ji)地，基(ji)本(ben)建成6個區域(yu)性核(he)與(yu)(yu)輻射安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)監(jian)(jian)督站業(ye)務用房(fang)。地市以上(shang)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)信(xin)息與(yu)(yu)宣教機構(gou)設(she)(she)備配置達(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)標(biao)(biao)準化要(yao)求。

　　《規(gui)劃(hua)》要求，一是提(ti)升污(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)(yuan)與(yu)總量(liang)(liang)減(jian)排(pai)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)水平(ping)。加(jia)強現(xian)場(chang)執法(fa)裝備配置，落實(shi)(shi)(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)察執法(fa)能力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)與(yu)驗收(shou)工作；完善污(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)(yuan)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)監(jian)(jian)(jian)控網(wang)絡，落實(shi)(shi)(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)控中心與(yu)重(zhong)點行業監(jian)(jian)(jian)控；強化污(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)(yuan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督性監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)與(yu)數(shu)據質量(liang)(liang)控制(zhi)，促進自(zi)(zi)動(dong)監(jian)(jian)(jian)控數(shu)據應(ying)(ying)用；啟動(dong)機(ji)動(dong)車與(yu)農(nong)業面(mian)源(yuan)(yuan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)能力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)，拓展污(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)(yuan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)領域；加(jia)強環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)統計能力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)，提(ti)升環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)統計對(dui)(dui)總量(liang)(liang)減(jian)排(pai)等(deng)重(zhong)點工作支撐能力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)；夯(hang)實(shi)(shi)(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)信息能力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)基礎(chu)，推進物(wu)聯網(wang)在污(wu)染(ran)減(jian)排(pai)中的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)用。二(er)是提(ti)高環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)與(yu)評(ping)估(gu)考(kao)核(he)能力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。填平(ping)補(bu)齊，繼續推進環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)標準化建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)；提(ti)高空氣(qi)、揮發性有機(ji)物(wu)、重(zhong)金(jin)屬(shu)等(deng)新(xin)增指標的(de)(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)能力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)；優化完善國家環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)網(wang)；利用衛星遙感和(he)地面(mian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)手段，開(kai)展生態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)評(ping)價；完善環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督考(kao)核(he)體(ti)系，實(shi)(shi)(shi)施環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督考(kao)核(he)。三是加(jia)強環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)預警(jing)與(yu)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)能力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)。提(ti)升環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)風險(xian)管(guan)(guan)理能力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)；加(jia)強核(he)與(yu)輻(fu)射安全監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)能力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)，形(xing)成相對(dui)(dui)獨立、較為完整的(de)(de)(de)核(he)與(yu)輻(fu)射安全分析評(ping)價、校核(he)計算和(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗驗證能力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)；提(ti)高重(zhong)金(jin)屬(shu)、危(wei)險(xian)廢物(wu)及危(wei)險(xian)化學品風險(xian)防(fang)范能力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)對(dui)(dui)危(wei)險(xian)廢物(wu)和(he)危(wei)險(xian)化學品等(deng)處置、運輸和(he)轉(zhuan)移的(de)(de)(de)全面(mian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)；建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)預警(jing)網(wang)絡，建(jian)(jian)立環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)指揮系統和(he)平(ping)臺網(wang)絡，加(jia)強環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)響應(ying)(ying)能力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)和(he)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)技術支撐能力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。四是夯(hang)實(shi)(shi)(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)綜(zong)合監(jian)(jian)(jian)督管(guan)(guan)理基礎(chu)，推進環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)綜(zong)合監(jian)(jian)(jian)督管(guan)(guan)理基礎(chu)體(ti)系建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)。

　　《規劃》指(zhi)出，結合四大領域任(ren)務，實(shi)施(shi)基(ji)礎、保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)、人(ren)才等(deng)三大工(gong)程，規劃總(zong)投資400億(yi)元。基(ji)礎工(gong)程包括環境(jing)監(jian)(jian)測、監(jian)(jian)察、應急(ji)(ji)、信息、評估、宣(xuan)教等(deng)能力(li)(li)建(jian)設(she)和標(biao)(biao)準化建(jian)設(she)、新增主要污染物監(jian)(jian)管(guan)能力(li)(li)建(jian)設(she)等(deng)10項(xiang)(xiang)。保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)工(gong)程包括污染源(yuan)與總(zong)量減(jian)排監(jian)(jian)管(guan)運(yun)行(xing)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)、環境(jing)監(jian)(jian)測與評估運(yun)行(xing)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)等(deng)4項(xiang)(xiang)。人(ren)才工(gong)程包括環境(jing)監(jian)(jian)測、監(jian)(jian)察、應急(ji)(ji)、信息、評估、宣(xuan)教等(deng)8項(xiang)(xiang)。全面提(ti)升環境(jing)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)能力(li)(li)，為實(shi)現“十二五(wu)”環境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護目標(biao)(biao)、建(jian)設(she)生態(tai)文明提(ti)供有力(li)(li)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)。

　　為確保順利實(shi)施(shi)，《規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)》要求，切實(shi)加(jia)強組織領導，全(quan)面推進規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)實(shi)施(shi)。統(tong)籌(chou)國家與地方(fang)環(huan)(huan)境保護規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)、各專項(xiang)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)與《規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)》的(de)銜接、配套，建(jian)立并完善項(xiang)目庫，提高(gao)(gao)項(xiang)目儲備能力(li)。明確中央(yang)與地方(fang)事權(quan)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)分，將環(huan)(huan)境監(jian)(jian)管(guan)能力(li)建(jian)設(she)和運行(xing)費用納入各級財政預算予(yu)以重點(dian)保障，確保資金(jin)到位。加(jia)強項(xiang)目資金(jin)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)，實(shi)施(shi)項(xiang)目績效(xiao)評(ping)估，提高(gao)(gao)資金(jin)使用效(xiao)益(yi)。加(jia)強環(huan)(huan)境監(jian)(jian)管(guan)人才(cai)隊伍(wu)建(jian)設(she)，實(shi)施(shi)人才(cai)體制(zhi)機制(zhi)創新，提升人才(cai)發展的(de)基礎保障能力(li)。建(jian)立健全(quan)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)實(shi)施(shi)定期通報和評(ping)估制(zhi)度，適時對規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)執行(xing)情(qing)況進行(xing)期末評(ping)估。

 來源（中國環境報）